Spearfishing is one of several alternative fishing methods that are popular in the Mid Atlantic region. Although the majority of spearfishing is done with spear guns and scuba gear, spearing techniques can also be done while free diving, snorkeling, and occasionally from above water.

Spearfishing is practiced in saltwater and freshwater environments. Flounder gigging, a shallow water form of spearfishing is popular in some areas. In the Mid Atlantic states, spearfishing is subject to strict regulations.